Circular weaving loom



oct. 1o, 1933. c. SERY 1,930,371

CIRCULAR wEAvING LOOM Filed Feb. 23, 1929 5 sheets-sheet 1 115 i /'gl "1 Oct. 10, 1933. c. sERY 1,930,371

GIRCULAR WEAVING LOOM Filed Feb. 23, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 42 Lm e fav Oct. 10, 1933. c. sERY 1,930,371

CIRCULAR wEAvING Loon Filed Feb. 23, 1929 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 ff# .f7 *517: I J' 41 40 I i24- (cgi l 125 L 7.5 B 290 67 l 22M/J0 fla rang/I Oct. 1o, 1933. v`Q SRY A 1,930,371

CIRCULAR WEAVING' LOOM Filed Feb. 23, 1929 5 sheets-sheet 4 Oct- 10, 1933 c. SERY 1,930,371

CIRCULAR WEAVING LOOM Filed Feb. '23. 1929 5 sheets-sheet 5 Patented 01stl0, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT 0F Fics CIRCULAR WEAVING LOOM Claude Sry, Aix en Provence, France, assigner to Societe a Reiponsabilitie Limitee Etablislements Botatissf. Paris, France, a French com- Application February 23, 1929, Serial No. 342,198, and in France March 6, 1928 '1 0mm. (c1. 139-15) to the warp threads a reduced displacement, less than to the height of the shuttles, the latter being provided with guiding cams which VV:complete the rising and falling motions of the warp.

Preferably the warp threads run off directly from individual bobbins provided with suitable means for insuring a regular tension of the threads.

The shuttles are actuated by rollers through one of the warp sheets and the motor roller is driven byiaI friction device, means beinarprovided to increase the frictional contactD stress when the power required to drive the shuttles is increased.

The shuttles slide on a track provided with radial slits for the passage of the warp threads. They comprise a thrust-roller arrangedat the rear to receive, through one of the warp sheets, the action of the corresponding driving-roller. They are also provided at their fore part, with another roller intended to cooperate with the driving roller of the preceding shuttle when, for any reason, the shuttles tends to travel more quickly than the driving mechanism.

TheY invention also comprises mechanical means for effecting the elementary displacement of the warp threads. These means comprise a cam co-axial with the loom, and arranged to act directly on the'warp threads. i 1

The loom also comprises a mechanical weft stop motion. t 40 In the annexed drawings:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the loom I-I of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a section one line lI-lI of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is afragmental plan view of the shuttle track and related parts.

Fig. 4 is a section on line IV--IV of Fig. 3 to an enlarged scale.

Fig. 5 is a section on 1ine V-V of Fig. 3 to an enlarged scale.

l Fig. 6 is a fragmental section on line VI-VI of Fig. 5.

7 is a fragmental plan view of the device apted to guide the fabric onthe driving drum. A a is a plan view of a shuttle and related 55 parts, to an enlarged 5631e- Fig. 9 is a diagrammatical side view of the shuttle with its driving roller.

Fig. 10 is a fragmental section on line X-X of Fig. 8, 'showing the weft stop motion.'

Fig. 1l is a diagrammatical view of the mecha- 50 nism adapted to free the driving clutch when the weft stop motion is actuated.

Fig. 12 is a side view, to an enlarged scale, of a warp thread braking and tensioning device.

Fig. 13 shows the warp thread selector mecha- 05 nism 14 is a section to an enlarged scale of the core and fabric guiding nozzles.

' Fig. 15 shows a modification o! the same, intended lto obtain a fabric with oblique stitching.

Fig. 16' illustrates the working of the threads in the central part of the loom. f' c Fig. 17 illustrates in a similar manner, the kind of work obtained with a ilat nozzle.

Fig. 18 is a Iragmental side view of Flg.- 1, 75 the lateral gear cover supposedly removed.

The loom (Figs. 1 and 2) comprises a frame formed of two side-members 1 connected by tierods and'supporting, by means of a hollow bed plate 2, a. casing 3 formed in one piece in which so the mechanism is enclosed, this construction insuring'ia great rigidity of the whole.

The driving pulley 4 (Fig. 2) drives a shaft 5 rotatably supported by the frame and which drives, through an elastic coupling 6, a shaft 7 85 of the casing, on which is keyed an helicoidal gear 8. This gear actuates a corresponding gear 9 keyed-on a rotating member 1b which is the driving member for the shuttles.

Shaft 7 also carries an endless screw 11 driving 00 a gear 12 keyed on a shaft 13, the action of whic will be explained later on.

Shaft 7 `extends beyond casing 3 and frame 1 to carry a handwheel 14 which is preferably provided with centrifugal de-clutching means of any kind, not illustrated.

Casing 3 carries a central vertical axle 15 secured at its lower end by means of a conical sleeve and provided with a nut 16 and counternut 17. A circular member 18 is fixed by means 100l of a cylindrical nut 19 at the upperv en d of axle 15. This member 18 is in the form of a mushroom with turnedup rim, said rim being provided with radial slits 250 adapted to receive the warp threads at the lower position thereof.- Member 18 also carries, on its lowerv face, a conical crown 20 for the planetary actuation of the shuttle driving mechanisms as will be explained later on.

' The shuttle-driving member 10 is rotatably 1.10

two articulated brake jaws 26 which are actuated by any known mechanism, such as a cam 26 driven by a vertical spindle 27.

A friction clutch 28 is arranged between pulley 4 and shaft 5. This clutch is operated by a toothed sector 29 keyed on a shaft 158 actuated by a lever 30 which is constantly drawn to the de-clutched position by aspring 31 and is maintained in the clutched position, against said spring, by mechanism not shown in Figs. 1 and 2 but which will be described later on with reference to Figs. 10 and 11.

'Ihe brake spindle 27 is extended below casing 3 to carry .a lever 32 to which is yoked a rod 33 linked, on the other hand, to the de-clutching .lever 30 in such a way that, when the loom is declutched, the brake is simultaneously actuated to stop the moving parts.

Casing 3 carries at its upper part a crown 34 provided with radial slits through which the warp threads are passed; these slits, of course, correspond radially with the slits provided in therim of member 18. This crown 34 also car-v ries a collar 35 which supports the warp bobbins and the selector mechanism.

The shuttles (Figs. 4, 8 and 9) are constituted by sectors 36, provided with fibre shoes 37 which slide in suitable grooves provided in member 18 and crown 34, as clearly shown in Fig. 4. Each sector 36 rotatably supports two rollers 39 and 40, the axes of which are arranged radially and which are intended for the actuation of the shuttle through the lower web.

The actuation of the shuttles is effected by means of rollers 41 carried by plate 24 (Figs. 5 and 9). These rollers are keyed on shafts 42 provided v'ith friction cones 43 which co-operate with the conical friction crown 20.

' Each shaft 42 is carried at one end by a ball joint 44 situated near the roller 41 and, at the other end, by a block 45 (Figs. 5 and 6) pressed by a spring 46.

Roller 41 contacts with the rear roller 40 of the corresponding shuttle and is located behind and below the same, as illustrated in Fig. 9. Roller 41 pushes roller 40 (and consequently the shuttle) while causing the same to rotate. The threads 59 of the lower layer of warp threads are successively caught between rollers 40 and 41 and then pass over the latter. If the speed of roller 41 is suitably determined, the warp threads will not be displaced in the horizontal direction and roller 41 rolls as it were under the warp threads. Roller 40, on the other hand, keeps A by inertia a practically constant speed in spite of the successive passings of warp threads which momentarily interrupt the contact of the rollers.

To prevent vibration each roller 41 or 40 is preferably provided (Fig. 5) with a rim 48 of hard steel resting on a rubber ring 49 arranged on the periphery of roller 41 or 40.

In the arrangement described, the friction pressure is a function of the driving -power re quired. The reaction of roller 40 on roller 41 tends to lower the latter, thus tilting shaft 42 around the ball joint 44, which increases the pressure of the conical roller 43 on crown .20.

Rollers 39 are normally inoperative, but, when a shuttle'tends to travel more quicklythan the driving mechanism (for example, when the latter is braked), the corresponding roller 39 (Fig. 9) comes in contact with the roller 41 which retards the shuttle in question.

All the rollers 39, 40 and 41 have rounded rims sov as to only have one point of Contact with each other, which reduces to the minimum the stresses on the warp threads and avoids their cutting.

The sector 36 (Figs. 4, 8 and 9) constituting the framework of the shuttle forms a box to receive the weft pirn 50 whichis loose on a vertical shaft 51. The shuttle comprises an eyelet 52 for the passage of the weft thread, a plate 53 carrying a thread grip 54 and the final eyelet 55. It is provided with a weft feeler 56 which will be described later on. The weft thread 57 passes through the eye 52, then through the threadgrip 54, the` weft feeler 56 and the final eye 55.

The shuttle also comprises the separating cam 38 formed of a steel wire, as clearly shown in Fig. 9, and fixed by two screws 58 to the sector 36.

The operation ofcam 38 will be readily understood from Fig. 9. The horizontal plane in which lie the tips of cams 38 will be referred to as the neutral plane of the warp threads. When a thread 59 is lowered slightly below this neutral plane, just in front of a shuttle, it passes below the cam 38 of the latter. On the contrary, if a thread such as 60 is slightly lifted in front of a shuttle, it passes above the cam 38.

In the loom illustrated, these small initial movements of the warp threads are obtained by means of a toothed cam 90, co-axial with the loom and acting directly on the warp threads (Figs. 44 and 13). This cam 90 is xed on an annular member 91 which rests on a circular range of balls 67 and is provided with a toothed periphery 200 driven by a toothed pinion 201 (Fig. 3) keyed on a shaft 76 which is extended radially to carry a chain wheel 77. The latter is driven directly from shaft 7 by a chain and a chain wheel 202.

It must be understood that instead of a chain, a flexible shaft could be used, or any other transmission means.

The warp threads com'mg from the bobbins 100 pass through the tensioning means described later on, and then through thread guides which are arranged below the neutral plane of the warp. When a thread passes through a notch of cam it is directed below the shuttles by the separating cams 38; when, on the contrary, the thread is lifted by a tooth of cam 90 it is above the neutral plane and is directed over the shuttles by the separating cams 38.

By means of suitable cams, a great number of weaves can be obtained. Simple patterns also can be manufactured.

The warp threads 89, as aforesaid, run from bobbins carried by axles 101 fixed at the ends of arms 102 arranged radially round collar 35. Each one passes through a thread brake (Fig. 12) of Well-known construction, comprising a fixed disk 104, an axially movable disk 105, a pressure spring 106 and a regulating nut 107. Under the thread brake is located a torsion spring 108 the free end of which extends radially and termintes in the form of a hook 109. The thread, as it leaves the thread brake, passes through the hook 109 (Fig. 3) and thence through the thread guide 75. Spring 108 insures a constant tension of the warp notwithi justable in position through an arc.

standing the selection movements. The thread brake 103 advantageously replaces a brake on bobbin 100.

The loom is generally used to weave a covering on a core such as, for instance, an electric wire. The latter is unwound from a drum 111. It then passes through an axial bore provided in shaft 1/5 and through a lower nozzle 113. Above nozzle 113, it receives the sheath formed by weaving and then traverses an upper nozzle 114 from which it passesv over the driving drum 115 from which it is Wound on drum 116.

As shown in Fig. 14, the stitch is made exactly at the entrance of tube 114; as shown in Fig. 16, the gripping of the weft thread at the bottom of the stitch is determined by the tension of the weft threads.

Nozzle 114 (Figs. 1 and 2) is supported by-a bracket 117. which is adjustable verticallyl on a small column 118 fixed to a cross-bar 119 connecting two curved arms 120 fixed on an upper cylindrical stay 121 of the loom. This nozzle 114 is provided with a lateral opening 123 to allow an easy observation of the fabric as it is formed.

The driving drum 115 is loose on stay 121 but is maintained laterally by the arms 120 themselves. This drum is slightly conical and the sheathed wire makes a number of turns on it, in such a way that the winding tends to continue helically towards the larger diameter of the drum. This tendency is arrested by a rake 124 which forces the sheathed wire to wind always at the same diameter on the cone. This rake is adjustable laterally, being carried by a cross-bar 125 which is xed to the arms 120 by fly-nuts 126 traversing elongated slots. Rake 124 thus De); its of adjusting the speed of the wire by var ing the effective diameter of the driving drum.

Drum 115 (Figs. 1 and 2) is provided with a toothed rim 127 which is driven by a pinion 128 keyed on a shaft 129 rotatably supported by the frame. This shaft is `in turn driven by a vertical shaft 130 through bevel gears 131-132; shaft 130 is driven by a horizontal shaft 133 through bevel gears 134-135; and this shaftV 133 is also driven through bevel gears, by a shaft 122 housed in casing 3. This shaft 122 is parallel to the above-described shaft 13. Shafts 13 and 122 are connected in the Well known manner each having an interchangeable gear wheel keyed thereon these being connected through an intermediate gear wheel 136 which is mounted on the end of an angularly adjustable arm so that the axis of said wheel is ad- In Fig. 1 is shown the gear wheel v137 keyed on shaft 122. Fig. 18 shows the gear wheel 137 and also the gear wheel 260 which is keyed on shaft 13. The detailed arrangement of the connection may be clearly grasped from this figure. The intermediate gear 136 is supported by an arm 261 which is angularly adjustable around a pivot 262.

It will be readily understood that by suitably selecting the gears to be keyed on shafts 13 and 122 and adjusting the intermediate gear wheel accordingly, the speed of the drum 115 can be adjusted approximately to the desired value, the exact adjustment being effected through rake 124 as above described.

The wiredrums 111 and 116 (Figs. 1 and 2) are identical and are carriedon an axle xed by force in cheeks 139 having hubs cut into halves, as shown; the respective drum, the cheeks between two successive slits of the same.

and the shaft form a whole. The axle 138 is pierced at each end. The drum supporting means comprise' a xed shaft 140 provided with an axial bore through which is lpassed a spindle 141 pressed by a spring 143 which engages it into the hole of axle 138. A hub 144 is loose on shaft 140 and it is also provided with a portion cut into halves to correspond with the hub of cheek 139.

Shaft 140 is provided at its outer end with a slit in which is passed a transverse pin 145 which passes through spindle 141 and is xed at its both ends to an operating sleeve 146 having handles 147. f

The axley 138 of thevdrum is supported by two spindles 141 and one of the hubs 144 serves as driving or braking member. To disengage a drum it is sufhoient to move back the spindles 141 against. springs 143 by means of handles 147. When pin 145 is disengaged'from the slit of axle 140, handles 147 are turned for a quarter of revolution and spindles 141 are held at their outer position against the action of springs 143. The drum is then easily handled.

Drum 111 is braked by a cord 148 passing over a pulley 149 integral with a hub 144; card 148 is stretched by a spring 150. Drum 116 is driven by a string 151 passing over a pulley 153 integral with a hub 144 and over a pulley 154 keyed on shaft 129.

The weft stop motion is arranged as follows:

The shaft 158 on which is keyed lever 30 (Figs.

at 163 and also receives the action of a spring' 164; it is held by a finger 165 carried by a verti cal shaft 166 which extends upwards (Fig. 10) and terminates near the periphery of crown 34, A nger 167 is keyed on the upper end of shaft 166, this finger having a tail portion 168 forming a knob. In the position in full lines (Fig.A 8), finger 165 holds catch 161 and lever 30 is" maintained at its clutched position. In the position in dashed lines, catch 161 is free and lever 30 is returned, by spring 31, to its declutched position.

The shuttles (Fig. 8) are provided with a weftthread feeler in the form ofa two-armed lever, one arm 56 of which has an eyeletfor the weft thread 57; this lever receives the action of a spring 169 whichtends to hold it against a projection 170, the second arm 171 of said lever then projecting outwardly (position shown in dashed lines, Fig. 8) to contact against nger 167. But, in normal working, the weft thread 57 maintains the lever in the position drawn in full lines, Fig. 8, for which arm 171 does not project outwardly.

It will be readily understood that in normal working the shuttles pass in succession in front of finger-167 Without actuating it. When, on the contrary, a weft thread is broken, the correspending feeler lever is rotated by its spring 169 and arm 171 actuates nger 167; the loom is immediately stopped.

The loom described is normally intended to cover a core such as an electric wire. The Work is clearly shown by Fig. 16 which can be considered as a sectionat the entrance of nozzle 114. The weave illustrated is the taifeta weave.

The loomA can manufacture fabric having an indented pattern. In this case, nozzle 114 is merely indented or notched at its base.

By using a nozzle such as 114 having a flat slit-likev aperture instead of. a round aperture a weave similar to that shown in Fig. 16 can be obtained but instead of a tubular cover for a core being produced a flat ribbon as illustrated in Fig. 17 is formed owing to the shape of the slit like aperture. The warp threads in the nished piece will remain evenly disposed in spite of the oblique pull of the weft threads thereon during weaving. If metal warp threads are employed a ribbon like structure is formed in which parallel metal warps 178 are insulated from one another by the weft threads as shown in Fig.

1'7; such ribbon would be of utility in the electrical industry.

With the improved machine coverings for electric wires and the like can also be made with a small number of warp threads and in general very rapid work can be obtained which is much stronger than the known coverings formed of Wound textile layers. Some of the shuttles of the machine can be provided with a ribbon of paper, calico or the like the other shuttles carrying thread so that a woven covering can be produced over an under layer of paper.

I claim:

1. A circular weaving loom comprising a cir cularshuttle track provided with slits for the passage of the warp threads; shuttles moving on said track; means to drive said shuttles; warp threads arranged to cooperate with said shuttles; a selector device adapted to control said warp threads by imparting tothe same a reduced displacement, said device embodying a rotating member co-axial with the loom and provided device actuates the warp threads by direct contactwith the same.

3. A circular weaving loom comprising a'casing formed in one piece; a frame supporting the same; an outer cylindrical member'supported by said casing; a fixed shaft supported by said casing; an inner member supported by said xed shaft, said inner and outer members forming a Shuttle track and being provided with slits for the lower warp threads; shuttles sliding on said track; driving means for said shuttles, a rotating member co-axial with the loom and adapted to carry said shuttle-driving means, said member being rotatably'mounted on said fixed shaft a selector device adapted to control Warp threads arranged substantially in radial directions with respect to the loom axis; an axially disposed nozzle receiving the fabric; and means to drive said vfabric at a suitable speed.

4. A circular weaving loom as claimed in claim 3 and adapted to weave a covering on a core, wherein the central xed shaft is hollow for the passage of said core.

5. A circular weaving loom as claimed in claim 3, wherein the warp threads run from bobbins suported by -arms fixed to the outer member of the shuttle track.

6. Alcircular weaving loom as claimed in claim 3, wherein the selector device comprises a cylindrical rotatngfmember co-axial with the loom and situated exterior to the outer member of the shuttle track, said rotating member being provided with vertical indentations; and means whereby said indentations cause the vertical motions of the warp threads.

'7. A circular weaving loom as claimed in claim 3, wherein the selector device comprises a cylindrical rotating member co-axial with the loom and situated exterior to the outer member of the shuttle track, said rotating member being provided with vertical indentations which actuate the warp threads by direct contact with the same. r

CLAUDE SERY. 

